• Energy Research

The final paper titled “Reactive Power Compensation in NTF Ploče” explains the basics of AC power, the types of power that appear, and the phenomena in the network in case of connection of various loads. The paper deals with the problem of reactive energy of the main low voltage cable, the calculation of the compensation of inductive reactive energy within the Oil Terminal of the Federation of Ploče is presented. The technical and economic benefits of incorporating compensation are highlighted and the individual components of the compensation device are described. The reactive energy compensation within the NTF-a Ploče is designed in the ABC DOC software package. U završnom radu naziva “Kompenzacija jalove energije u NTF Ploče“ objašnjene su osnove izmjenične struje, vrste snaga koje se pojavljuju i pojave u mreži u slučaju priključenja raznih tereta. U radu je obrađena problematika jalove energije, prikazan je izračun kompenzacije induktivne jalove energije unutar Naftnog terminala federacije Ploče. Istaknute su tehničke i ekonomske prednosti ugradnje kompenzacije i opisane su pojedine komponente kompenzacijskog uređaja. Kompenzacija jalove energije unutar NTF-a Ploče je projektirana u programskom paketu ABC DOC.

Abstract Understanding the interaction between an elastic tire and a bearing surface is important not only for studying motion of wheeled vehicles, their controllability and running smoothness, but also necessary for creating systems for car motion automatic control. At the same time, the interaction forces between wheels and the bearing surface attract special attention since they have a decisive effect on vehicle’s controllability and stability. Indeed, all effects, including aerodynamic ones, are reflected in forces and moments arising in the wheel/bearing surface contact area, which, in turn, determine car motion parameters. Consequently, in creating a control system for vehicle motion, the primary task is to establish patterns of changes in force factors depending on characteristics of the bearing surface and parameters of the operator’s control in order to develop a criterion for controlling signal formation. The analysis of experimental and theoretical studies of wheel rolling showed that all research results are reduced to establishing patterns of change in force factors (indirect parameters) in the wheel/bearing surface contact patch depending on the parameters that indirectly characterize the kinematic parameters. Meanwhile, establishing a regular pattern of changes in force factors in the wheel/bearing surface interface is the most important task in developing a criterion for the formation of control signals for active safety systems based on force analysis. The paper presents a method for increasing vehicle’s traction and braking dynamics by partially converting thermal energy of the car into reactive tractive force (air propeller, gas turbine).

Ao longo dos últimos anos o setor da energia elétrica tem evoluído e sofrido alterações, é por isso fundamental o contínuo empenhamento pela obtenção de um sistema elétrico fiável e eficiente. Algumas caraterísticas da produção de eletricidade dependem não só da fonte de energia primária usada, mas também das redes de energia elétrica e dos equipamentos utilizados. Recentemente tem-se notado um desenvolvimento no setor energético, não só a nível da rede elétrica, mas também com a evolução dos mercados liberalizados. Com esta introdução surgiram novos desafios para as empresas do setor energético, e os consumidores passaram a ser beneficiados com preços mais diversificados e com a concorrência. No que diz respeito à regulação do sistema elétrico, foram publicados diversos regulamentos pela Entidade Reguladora dos Serviços Energéticos de forma a regular os valores para cada nível de tensão. Over the last few years, the electric energy sector has evolved and has undergone changes. Therefore, it is of the most importance the continuous commitment to obtain a reliable and fficient electric system. Some characteristics of electricity generation depend not only on the primary resource used but also on the electricity grids and equipment used. Recently there has been a development in the energy sector, not only in the electricity grid, but also with the evolution of liberalized markets. With this, there are new challenges for companies in the energy sector, and consumers started to benefit from more diversified prices and competition. Regarding the regulation of the electrical system, several regulations were published by the Entity Regulator Energy Services in order to regulate the values for each voltage level.

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