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  • Authors: Dourou, Efpraxia Evangelia;
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    Authors: Güner, Volkan;

    This thesis tries to underline the significance and importance of nuclear energy in internatinal politics independent of the technical and environmental discussions of nuclear energy. Aim is to prove that nuclear energy is an important element of world politics and energy policies. This work explains properties of nuclear energy and how to produce it to strenghten a state. Both political and technological power which is derived by nuclear energy turns into a instrument of politics, legally and illegally. Nuclear technology is monopolized by the states which own this technology and indifferent of other energy sources, nuclear energy is also a source of exploitation and conflict. Nuclear technology is the key for all world countries for prosperity and becoming a developed country when it is used for peaceful purposes. Bu tez, nükleer enerjinin uluslararası politikadaki önemini ve aslında nükleer enerji meselesinin, teknik ve çevresel konulardan bağımsız olarak bir politika öğesi olduğu argümanını savunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada nükleer enerjinin ne olduğu ve nasıl elde edildiği anlatılmış, bu noktadan hareketle nükleer enerjinin bir ülkeye nasıl büyük bir güç sağlayacağı ortaya konmuştur. Bu büyük gücün ise nasıl bir uluslararası politika enstrümanına dönüştürüldüğü, yasal ve yasal olmayan yollar ile nükleer enerjinin, nükleer teknolojiye sahip ülkeler tarafından tekelleştirilmeye çalışıldığı anlatılmaktadır. Diğer enerji kaynaklarından farksız olarak, nükleer enerjinin de bir çatışma ve sömürü kaynağı olduğu ise bu tezin temel savıdır.

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  • Authors: Hanna, Adel Wahib;
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    Authors: Michel, Christian Sæle;

    Kjernekraft som energikilde er et svært omdiskutert tema i Norge, Europa og resten av verden. Kjernekraftteknologien som en energikilde blir fremsnakket til å kunne bidra med å sikre en trygg og grønn fremtid nasjonalt og internasjonalt. Denne studien tar for seg innovasjonsteori som gjør det mulig å sette søkelys på de viktigste prosessene for å oppnå diffusjon eller adapsjon av kjernekraft. Studien er et sammensatt enkeltcase-studie av det teknologiske innovasjonssystemet rundt kjernekraft i Norge. Studien baseres på metoden “mixed-method” for å sette søkelys på implementeringen av kjernekraftteknologien i Norge. Det teknologiske innovasjonssystemet defineres ved hjelp av syv funksjoner. Analysen i studien baserer seg på å undersøke hvilke faktorer som finner sted innenfor hver enkelt funksjon som kan bidra til å fremme eller hemme implementeringen. Dette ble utført ved bruk av innsamlet data gjennom kvalitative intervjuer, kvantitativ spørreundersøkelse og nettsøk. Funnene som omhandler hva som fremmer implementeringen av kjernekraft i Norge er arbeidet til de ulike aktørene, den positive samfunnsholdningen og kunnskapen vi besitter omkring atomsikkerhet. Funn som er kommet frem angående hva som hemmer implementeringen er i hovedsak politikk. Poltikken har en direkte påvirkning på arbeidet til alle involverte parter. På toppen av dette er det faktum at kjernekraft blir utelatt fra forskningssubsidier noe som blant annet bidrar til å svekke muligheten for ny kunnskap om kjernekraft.

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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Norwegian Open Resea...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Michel, Christian Sæle;

    Nuclear power as an energy source is a highly debated topic in Norway, Europe, and the rest of the world. Nuclear power technology as an energy source is being promoted as being able to contribute to ensuring a safe and green future nationally and internationally. This study uses innovation theory which makes it possible to shine a spotlight on the most important processes to achieve the diffusion or adaptation of nuclear power. The study is an embedded single case study of the technological innovation system around nuclear power in Norway. The study is based on mixed method to shed light on the implementation of nuclear power technology in Norway. The technological innovation system is defined by seven functions. The analysis in the study is based on examining which factors that takes place within each individual function that can contribute to promoting or hindering implementation. This was carried out using data collected through qualitative interviews, quantitative survey, and desktop research. The findings contributing to promote the implementation of nuclear power in Norway are the work of the various actors, the positive social attitude, and the knowledge we possess about nuclear safety. Findings that have come to light regarding what is inhibiting implementation are mainly politics. Politics has a direct impact on the work of all parties involved. On top of this is the fact that nuclear power is left out of research subsidies, which among other things contributes to weakening the possibility of new knowledge about nuclear power. Kjernekraft som energikilde er et svært omdiskutert tema i Norge, Europa og resten av verden. Kjernekraftteknologien som en energikilde blir fremsnakket til å kunne bidra med å sikre en trygg og grønn fremtid nasjonalt og internasjonalt. Denne studien tar for seg innovasjonsteori som gjør det mulig å sette søkelys på de viktigste prosessene for å oppnå diffusjon eller adapsjon av kjernekraft. Studien er et sammensatt enkeltcase-studie av det teknologiske innovasjonssystemet rundt kjernekraft i Norge. Studien baseres på metoden “mixed-method” for å sette søkelys på implementeringen av kjernekraftteknologien i Norge. Det teknologiske innovasjonssystemet defineres ved hjelp av syv funksjoner. Analysen i studien baserer seg på å undersøke hvilke faktorer som finner sted innenfor hver enkelt funksjon som kan bidra til å fremme eller hemme implementeringen. Dette ble utført ved bruk av innsamlet data gjennom kvalitative intervjuer, kvantitativ spørreundersøkelse og nettsøk. Funnene som omhandler hva som fremmer implementeringen av kjernekraft i Norge er arbeidet til de ulike aktørene, den positive samfunnsholdningen og kunnskapen vi besitter omkring atomsikkerhet. Funn som er kommet frem angående hva som hemmer implementeringen er i hovedsak politikk. Poltikken har en direkte påvirkning på arbeidet til alle involverte parter. På toppen av dette er det faktum at kjernekraft blir utelatt fra forskningssubsidier noe som blant annet bidrar til å svekke muligheten for ny kunnskap om kjernekraft. Masteroppgave i innovasjon og entrepenørskap. Fakultet for ingeniør- og naturvitskap/ Mohnsenteret for innovasjon og regional utvikling/ Høgskulen på Vestlandet, campus Bergen. INN599

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    HVL Open
    Master thesis . 2023
    Data sources: HVL Open
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      HVL Open
      Master thesis . 2023
      Data sources: HVL Open
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    Authors: Busić, Nenad;

    This paper addresses thorium-based nuclear reactors. The Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) is mentioned as one of the seven classes of next-generation reactors known as "Generation IV". Numerous advantages of this reactor type compared to Light Water Reactors (LWR) are highlighted. The emphasis is particularly on the high level of safety due to the negative reactivity coefficient and the fact that the reactor operates at low pressure, nearly eliminating the possibility of catastrophic events. The benefits of liquid fuel are presented, and an analysis of the flexibility and safety features of both MSR and Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) is conducted. The economic structure of these reactors is also compared. In the fourth chapter, the model of a thorium-based reactor with liquid fluoride is explained, detailing its operation and addressing fuel efficiency and the issue of weaponization. An assessment of the costs of thorium-based fuel utilization is conducted, and radiotoxicity is compared. Furthermore, the dual-fluid reactor technology is mentioned, and the long-term potential of thorium nuclear energy is explained. U ovom radu tematizirani su nuklearni reaktori temeljeni na toriju. Spomenut je MSR koji predstavlja jednu od sedam klasa reaktora nove generacije, poznatih kao 4. generacija. Istaknute su brojne prednosti ovog tipa reaktora u usporedbi s LWR-om. Posebno se ističe visoka razina sigurnosti zahvaljujući negativnom koeficijentu reaktivnosti te činjenici da reaktor djeluje pri niskom tlaku, što gotovo eliminira mogućost katastrofalnih događaja. Prikazane su prednosti tekućeg goriva te je izvršena analiza fleksibilnosti i sigurnosnih značajki MSR-a i PWR-a. Uspoređena je ekonomska struktura tih reaktora. U četvrtom poglavlju objašnjen je model reaktora s tekućim fluoridom torija, opisan je način rada takvog reaktora te je obrađena tema efikasnosti goriva i tema naoružavanja. Izvršena je procjena troškova iskorištavanja goriva na bazi torija te je uspoređena radiotoksičnost. Spomenuta je tehnologija dvofluidnog reaktora te je objašnjen dugoročni potencijal torijske nuklearne energije.

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  • Authors: Innes, Robert William;
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  • Authors: Carr, Michael;
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    Authors: Vera Vera, Cynthia Gabriela;

    One of the key elements in the transition to low carbon economies is the phase-out of fossil-fuel based technologies. Nuclear power, despite not being a high emitting source, is one of the technologies at the heart of the debate, mainly due to security issues. However, nuclear electricity generation is still one of the baseload technologies in many countries and its progressive phase-out will thus have important economic implications. In particular, France, which is one of the countries with the highest nuclear participation worldwide (i.e. 70.6% of total generation), decided to lower nuclear production to 50% of total generation by 2035. Since France is a very well interconnected country in terms of energy, and it is also a net electricity exporter, the prices of all the neighbour electricity markets will also be affected by this political decision. Bianco and Scarpa (2018) analyzed the effect that the reduction of the import of electricity from France to Italy due to the phase-out of French nuclear plants had on the Italian electricity market when the interconnection size was 2,650MW. In this master thesis we propose to explore the effect that this phase-out would have on the Spanish electricity market, where the current electricity flow from one country to another is 2,800 MW. In fact, France already experienced a major supply crisis in January 2017 due to the stoppage of a large part of its nuclear plants. In that moment, France had to import Spanish electricity to cover their demand and Spanish electricity prices increased by a 28% compared to the same month of the previous year. Our results would have interesting policy implications for the integration of the single European electricity market, which is in the European 2030 agenda. The results show that the reduction of nuclear energy in France, increase the prices and decrease the quantities, but reducing a 100% of coal and increasing the interconnection capacity to the maximum and the production of renewable energies, the prices tends to decrease and quantities increase again. Hence, this paper recommends supporting the reduction of coal and an increase in interconnection capacity and renewable energies as a way to counteract the increase in the prices due to the phase-out of French nuclear energy. Master in Economics: Empirical Applications and Policies. Academic Year: 2019-2020

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    Authors: Leblanc, Mathys;

    Humanity will no longer be able to depend on oil, gas and coal for its energy needs as crises and the threat of climate change rise. This statement pushes countries to rely more heavily on clean energy. Nuclear power is a carbon-free energy, operated in 32 countries and providing 10% of the worldwide electricity. As it can be a response to providing green energy, some countries are investing massively in the development of nuclear power. However, nuclear power can also refer to disasters. The accidents of Chernobyl and Fukushima, and the threat of a nuclear war have made some countries reconsider the use of atomic power and, in some cases, completely phase out nuclear power. Costs and policies regarding nuclear and, more particularly, nuclear dismantling are not very well known by citizens. This increases the risk of misinformation to the public, leaving room for misinterpretation of the actual dangers and benefits of nuclear power. This paper will compare the estimated costs of a nuclear phase-out of France and Germany. It will also state the policies put in place for nuclear dismantling, the role of supranational organisations, and how do French and German national policies compare in this regard. A humanidade não poderá mais depender de petróleo, gás e carvão para as suas necessidades energéticas à medida que as crises e a ameaça das mudanças climáticas aumentam. Esta declaração leva os países a depender mais fortemente de energia limpa. A energia nuclear é uma energia livre de carbono, operada em 32 países e fornecendo 10% da electricidade mundial. Como pode ser uma resposta ao fornecimento de energia verde, alguns países estão investindo maciçamente no desenvolvimento da energia nuclear. No entanto, a energia nuclear também pode se referir a desastres. Os acidentes de Chernobil e Fukushima, e a ameaça de uma guerra nuclear fizeram alguns países reconsiderarem o uso da energia atómica e, em alguns casos, eliminarem completamente a energia nuclear. Os custos e as políticas em matéria nuclear e, mais particularmente, ao desmantelamento nuclear não são muito conhecidos pelos cidadãos. Isso aumenta o risco de desinformação para o público, deixando espaço para interpretações erróneas dos perigos e benefícios reais da energia nuclear. Este artigo irá comparar os custos estimados de uma eliminação nuclear da França e da Alemanha. Também indicará as políticas implementadas para o desmantelamento nuclear, o papel das organizações supranacionais e como as políticas nacionais francesas e alemãs se comparam a esse respeito.

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  • Authors: Dourou, Efpraxia Evangelia;
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    Authors: Güner, Volkan;

    This thesis tries to underline the significance and importance of nuclear energy in internatinal politics independent of the technical and environmental discussions of nuclear energy. Aim is to prove that nuclear energy is an important element of world politics and energy policies. This work explains properties of nuclear energy and how to produce it to strenghten a state. Both political and technological power which is derived by nuclear energy turns into a instrument of politics, legally and illegally. Nuclear technology is monopolized by the states which own this technology and indifferent of other energy sources, nuclear energy is also a source of exploitation and conflict. Nuclear technology is the key for all world countries for prosperity and becoming a developed country when it is used for peaceful purposes. Bu tez, nükleer enerjinin uluslararası politikadaki önemini ve aslında nükleer enerji meselesinin, teknik ve çevresel konulardan bağımsız olarak bir politika öğesi olduğu argümanını savunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada nükleer enerjinin ne olduğu ve nasıl elde edildiği anlatılmış, bu noktadan hareketle nükleer enerjinin bir ülkeye nasıl büyük bir güç sağlayacağı ortaya konmuştur. Bu büyük gücün ise nasıl bir uluslararası politika enstrümanına dönüştürüldüğü, yasal ve yasal olmayan yollar ile nükleer enerjinin, nükleer teknolojiye sahip ülkeler tarafından tekelleştirilmeye çalışıldığı anlatılmaktadır. Diğer enerji kaynaklarından farksız olarak, nükleer enerjinin de bir çatışma ve sömürü kaynağı olduğu ise bu tezin temel savıdır.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Hacettepe Üniversite...arrow_drop_down
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  • Authors: Hanna, Adel Wahib;
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Michel, Christian Sæle;

    Kjernekraft som energikilde er et svært omdiskutert tema i Norge, Europa og resten av verden. Kjernekraftteknologien som en energikilde blir fremsnakket til å kunne bidra med å sikre en trygg og grønn fremtid nasjonalt og internasjonalt. Denne studien tar for seg innovasjonsteori som gjør det mulig å sette søkelys på de viktigste prosessene for å oppnå diffusjon eller adapsjon av kjernekraft. Studien er et sammensatt enkeltcase-studie av det teknologiske innovasjonssystemet rundt kjernekraft i Norge. Studien baseres på metoden “mixed-method” for å sette søkelys på implementeringen av kjernekraftteknologien i Norge. Det teknologiske innovasjonssystemet defineres ved hjelp av syv funksjoner. Analysen i studien baserer seg på å undersøke hvilke faktorer som finner sted innenfor hver enkelt funksjon som kan bidra til å fremme eller hemme implementeringen. Dette ble utført ved bruk av innsamlet data gjennom kvalitative intervjuer, kvantitativ spørreundersøkelse og nettsøk. Funnene som omhandler hva som fremmer implementeringen av kjernekraft i Norge er arbeidet til de ulike aktørene, den positive samfunnsholdningen og kunnskapen vi besitter omkring atomsikkerhet. Funn som er kommet frem angående hva som hemmer implementeringen er i hovedsak politikk. Poltikken har en direkte påvirkning på arbeidet til alle involverte parter. På toppen av dette er det faktum at kjernekraft blir utelatt fra forskningssubsidier noe som blant annet bidrar til å svekke muligheten for ny kunnskap om kjernekraft.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Michel, Christian Sæle;

    Nuclear power as an energy source is a highly debated topic in Norway, Europe, and the rest of the world. Nuclear power technology as an energy source is being promoted as being able to contribute to ensuring a safe and green future nationally and internationally. This study uses innovation theory which makes it possible to shine a spotlight on the most important processes to achieve the diffusion or adaptation of nuclear power. The study is an embedded single case study of the technological innovation system around nuclear power in Norway. The study is based on mixed method to shed light on the implementation of nuclear power technology in Norway. The technological innovation system is defined by seven functions. The analysis in the study is based on examining which factors that takes place within each individual function that can contribute to promoting or hindering implementation. This was carried out using data collected through qualitative interviews, quantitative survey, and desktop research. The findings contributing to promote the implementation of nuclear power in Norway are the work of the various actors, the positive social attitude, and the knowledge we possess about nuclear safety. Findings that have come to light regarding what is inhibiting implementation are mainly politics. Politics has a direct impact on the work of all parties involved. On top of this is the fact that nuclear power is left out of research subsidies, which among other things contributes to weakening the possibility of new knowledge about nuclear power. Kjernekraft som energikilde er et svært omdiskutert tema i Norge, Europa og resten av verden. Kjernekraftteknologien som en energikilde blir fremsnakket til å kunne bidra med å sikre en trygg og grønn fremtid nasjonalt og internasjonalt. Denne studien tar for seg innovasjonsteori som gjør det mulig å sette søkelys på de viktigste prosessene for å oppnå diffusjon eller adapsjon av kjernekraft. Studien er et sammensatt enkeltcase-studie av det teknologiske innovasjonssystemet rundt kjernekraft i Norge. Studien baseres på metoden “mixed-method” for å sette søkelys på implementeringen av kjernekraftteknologien i Norge. Det teknologiske innovasjonssystemet defineres ved hjelp av syv funksjoner. Analysen i studien baserer seg på å undersøke hvilke faktorer som finner sted innenfor hver enkelt funksjon som kan bidra til å fremme eller hemme implementeringen. Dette ble utført ved bruk av innsamlet data gjennom kvalitative intervjuer, kvantitativ spørreundersøkelse og nettsøk. Funnene som omhandler hva som fremmer implementeringen av kjernekraft i Norge er arbeidet til de ulike aktørene, den positive samfunnsholdningen og kunnskapen vi besitter omkring atomsikkerhet. Funn som er kommet frem angående hva som hemmer implementeringen er i hovedsak politikk. Poltikken har en direkte påvirkning på arbeidet til alle involverte parter. På toppen av dette er det faktum at kjernekraft blir utelatt fra forskningssubsidier noe som blant annet bidrar til å svekke muligheten for ny kunnskap om kjernekraft. Masteroppgave i innovasjon og entrepenørskap. Fakultet for ingeniør- og naturvitskap/ Mohnsenteret for innovasjon og regional utvikling/ Høgskulen på Vestlandet, campus Bergen. INN599

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    HVL Open
    Master thesis . 2023
    Data sources: HVL Open
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      HVL Open
      Master thesis . 2023
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Busić, Nenad;

    This paper addresses thorium-based nuclear reactors. The Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) is mentioned as one of the seven classes of next-generation reactors known as "Generation IV". Numerous advantages of this reactor type compared to Light Water Reactors (LWR) are highlighted. The emphasis is particularly on the high level of safety due to the negative reactivity coefficient and the fact that the reactor operates at low pressure, nearly eliminating the possibility of catastrophic events. The benefits of liquid fuel are presented, and an analysis of the flexibility and safety features of both MSR and Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) is conducted. The economic structure of these reactors is also compared. In the fourth chapter, the model of a thorium-based reactor with liquid fluoride is explained, detailing its operation and addressing fuel efficiency and the issue of weaponization. An assessment of the costs of thorium-based fuel utilization is conducted, and radiotoxicity is compared. Furthermore, the dual-fluid reactor technology is mentioned, and the long-term potential of thorium nuclear energy is explained. U ovom radu tematizirani su nuklearni reaktori temeljeni na toriju. Spomenut je MSR koji predstavlja jednu od sedam klasa reaktora nove generacije, poznatih kao 4. generacija. Istaknute su brojne prednosti ovog tipa reaktora u usporedbi s LWR-om. Posebno se ističe visoka razina sigurnosti zahvaljujući negativnom koeficijentu reaktivnosti te činjenici da reaktor djeluje pri niskom tlaku, što gotovo eliminira mogućost katastrofalnih događaja. Prikazane su prednosti tekućeg goriva te je izvršena analiza fleksibilnosti i sigurnosnih značajki MSR-a i PWR-a. Uspoređena je ekonomska struktura tih reaktora. U četvrtom poglavlju objašnjen je model reaktora s tekućim fluoridom torija, opisan je način rada takvog reaktora te je obrađena tema efikasnosti goriva i tema naoružavanja. Izvršena je procjena troškova iskorištavanja goriva na bazi torija te je uspoređena radiotoksičnost. Spomenuta je tehnologija dvofluidnog reaktora te je objašnjen dugoročni potencijal torijske nuklearne energije.

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  • Authors: Innes, Robert William;
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  • Authors: Carr, Michael;
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Vera Vera, Cynthia Gabriela;

    One of the key elements in the transition to low carbon economies is the phase-out of fossil-fuel based technologies. Nuclear power, despite not being a high emitting source, is one of the technologies at the heart of the debate, mainly due to security issues. However, nuclear electricity generation is still one of the baseload technologies in many countries and its progressive phase-out will thus have important economic implications. In particular, France, which is one of the countries with the highest nuclear participation worldwide (i.e. 70.6% of total generation), decided to lower nuclear production to 50% of total generation by 2035. Since France is a very well interconnected country in terms of energy, and it is also a net electricity exporter, the prices of all the neighbour electricity markets will also be affected by this political decision. Bianco and Scarpa (2018) analyzed the effect that the reduction of the import of electricity from France to Italy due to the phase-out of French nuclear plants had on the Italian electricity market when the interconnection size was 2,650MW. In this master thesis we propose to explore the effect that this phase-out would have on the Spanish electricity market, where the current electricity flow from one country to another is 2,800 MW. In fact, France already experienced a major supply crisis in January 2017 due to the stoppage of a large part of its nuclear plants. In that moment, France had to import Spanish electricity to cover their demand and Spanish electricity prices increased by a 28% compared to the same month of the previous year. Our results would have interesting policy implications for the integration of the single European electricity market, which is in the European 2030 agenda. The results show that the reduction of nuclear energy in France, increase the prices and decrease the quantities, but reducing a 100% of coal and increasing the interconnection capacity to the maximum and the production of renewable energies, the prices tends to decrease and quantities increase again. Hence, this paper recommends supporting the reduction of coal and an increase in interconnection capacity and renewable energies as a way to counteract the increase in the prices due to the phase-out of French nuclear energy. Master in Economics: Empirical Applications and Policies. Academic Year: 2019-2020

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    Authors: Leblanc, Mathys;

    Humanity will no longer be able to depend on oil, gas and coal for its energy needs as crises and the threat of climate change rise. This statement pushes countries to rely more heavily on clean energy. Nuclear power is a carbon-free energy, operated in 32 countries and providing 10% of the worldwide electricity. As it can be a response to providing green energy, some countries are investing massively in the development of nuclear power. However, nuclear power can also refer to disasters. The accidents of Chernobyl and Fukushima, and the threat of a nuclear war have made some countries reconsider the use of atomic power and, in some cases, completely phase out nuclear power. Costs and policies regarding nuclear and, more particularly, nuclear dismantling are not very well known by citizens. This increases the risk of misinformation to the public, leaving room for misinterpretation of the actual dangers and benefits of nuclear power. This paper will compare the estimated costs of a nuclear phase-out of France and Germany. It will also state the policies put in place for nuclear dismantling, the role of supranational organisations, and how do French and German national policies compare in this regard. A humanidade não poderá mais depender de petróleo, gás e carvão para as suas necessidades energéticas à medida que as crises e a ameaça das mudanças climáticas aumentam. Esta declaração leva os países a depender mais fortemente de energia limpa. A energia nuclear é uma energia livre de carbono, operada em 32 países e fornecendo 10% da electricidade mundial. Como pode ser uma resposta ao fornecimento de energia verde, alguns países estão investindo maciçamente no desenvolvimento da energia nuclear. No entanto, a energia nuclear também pode se referir a desastres. Os acidentes de Chernobil e Fukushima, e a ameaça de uma guerra nuclear fizeram alguns países reconsiderarem o uso da energia atómica e, em alguns casos, eliminarem completamente a energia nuclear. Os custos e as políticas em matéria nuclear e, mais particularmente, ao desmantelamento nuclear não são muito conhecidos pelos cidadãos. Isso aumenta o risco de desinformação para o público, deixando espaço para interpretações erróneas dos perigos e benefícios reais da energia nuclear. Este artigo irá comparar os custos estimados de uma eliminação nuclear da França e da Alemanha. Também indicará as políticas implementadas para o desmantelamento nuclear, o papel das organizações supranacionais e como as políticas nacionais francesas e alemãs se comparam a esse respeito.

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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Repositório do ISCTE...arrow_drop_down
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