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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: E Shafirovich; D W Camp;
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: D.M. Haaland;

    A high temperature, solid-electrolyte fuel cell is described which uses molten rock having oxidizable constituents as a fuel. The principles of this magma fuel cell have been successfully demonstrated and power densities of 88 W/m/sup 2/ have been achieved. If power densities can be substantially increased, the magma fuel cell may find numerous applications in magma tap projects to increase the efficiency of energy extraction from magma sources or may provide the energy necessary for the electrochemical protection of the heat exchanger materials placed in the corrosive magma environment.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: R. A. Harvey; C. D. Maxwell; J. L. Miller; S. T. Demetriades;

    This study investigated the power plant performance and economic characteristics of six open-cycle magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) power plant options: four with directly fired air preheaters, one with separately fired air preheaters, and one using oxygen enrichment. Using the directly fired options, the study compared the effects of high-sulfur Eastern coal and low-sulfur Western coal, sulfur emissions control by seed regeneration and by wet limestone scrubbers, and slag removal performance in the MHD combustor unit. Critical components requiring further development were identified.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Wei Peng; Yingnan Zhang; Qingping Zou; Yang Xue'er; +2 Authors

    Abstract In this paper, a novel hybrid wave energy converter (WEC)‐floating breakwater system consisting of three floating pontoons with power take‐off (PTO) modules is developed to extract wave energy from heave motion and attenuate waves to protect the coast. Unlike previous studies of this subject, the present three pontoons are in close proximity so that they may share the same foundation to reduce the cost further and both pontoons with step change drafts and same drafts are investigated. A systematic experimental study was carried out in a wave flume to examine the hydrodynamic characteristics of the hybrid system under regular waves. The experimental results are used to assess the influences of the WEC‐breakwater integration and the configuration of pontoons on the hydrodynamic performance of the hybrid system as a WEC and a breakwater. It was found that the integration of multiple energy‐extracting pontoons is robust in smoothing out the power output fluctuations, and the floating pontoons with same drafts gave arise to higher energy conversion efficiency while the floating pontoons with step change drafts are more effective in attenuating wave energy. A parametric analysis is able to identify the balanced performance of the system as a WEC and a breakwater.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IET Renewable Power ...arrow_drop_down
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    IET Renewable Power Generation
    Article . 2021
    Data sources: DOAJ
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    IET Renewable Power Generation
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    IET Renewable Power Generation
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IET Renewable Power ...arrow_drop_down
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      IET Renewable Power Generation
      Article . 2021
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      IET Renewable Power Generation
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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  • Authors: Jesús Ballestrín; M Rodríguez-Alonso; J Rodríguez; I Cañadas; +3 Authors

    The most common sensors used for the measurement of high solar irradiance are the Gardon gauges, which are usually calibrated using a black body at a certain temperature as the radiant source. This calibration procedure is assumed to produce a systematic error when solar irradiance measurements are taken using these sensors. This paper demonstrates a calorimetric method for calibrating these high-heat-flux gauges in a solar furnace. This procedure has enabled these sensors to be calibrated under concentrated solar radiation at higher irradiances under non-laboratory conditions in the CIEMAT solar furnace at the Plataforma Solar de Almeria. Working at higher irradiances has allowed the uncertainty in the calibration constant of these sensors to be reduced. This work experimentally confirms the predicted systematic errors committed when measuring high solar irradiances using Gardon sensors calibrated with a black body.

    Metrologiaarrow_drop_down
    Metrologia
    Article . 2006 . Peer-reviewed
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      Metrologia
      Article . 2006 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Roberts, RA; Brouwer, J; Liese, E; Gemmen, RS;

    Author(s): Roberts, RA; Brouwer, J; Liese, E; Gemmen, RS | Abstract: Hybrid fuel cell/gas turbine systems provide an efficient means of producing electricity from fossil fuels with ultra low emissions. However, there are many significant challenges involved in integrating the fuel cell with the gas turbine and other components of this type of system. The fuel cell and the gas turbine must maintain efficient operation and electricity production while protecting equipment during perturbations that may occur when the system is connected to the utility grid or in stand-alone mode. This paper presents recent dynamic simulation results from two laboratories focused on developing tools to aid in the design and dynamic analyses of hybrid fuel cell systems. The simulation results present the response of a carbonate fuel cell/gas turbine, or molten carbonate fuel cell/gas turbine, (MCFC/GT) hybrid system to a load demand perturbation. Initial results suggest that creative control strategies will be needed to ensure a flexible system with wide turndown and robust dynamic operation. Paper No. GT2004-53653,

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    Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power
    Article . Conference object
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    Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power
    Article . 2006 . Peer-reviewed
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    https://doi.org/10.1115/gt2004...
    Conference object . 2004 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power
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      Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power
      Article . 2006 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: E Shafirovich; D W Camp;
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    Authors: D.M. Haaland;

    A high temperature, solid-electrolyte fuel cell is described which uses molten rock having oxidizable constituents as a fuel. The principles of this magma fuel cell have been successfully demonstrated and power densities of 88 W/m/sup 2/ have been achieved. If power densities can be substantially increased, the magma fuel cell may find numerous applications in magma tap projects to increase the efficiency of energy extraction from magma sources or may provide the energy necessary for the electrochemical protection of the heat exchanger materials placed in the corrosive magma environment.

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    Authors: R. A. Harvey; C. D. Maxwell; J. L. Miller; S. T. Demetriades;

    This study investigated the power plant performance and economic characteristics of six open-cycle magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) power plant options: four with directly fired air preheaters, one with separately fired air preheaters, and one using oxygen enrichment. Using the directly fired options, the study compared the effects of high-sulfur Eastern coal and low-sulfur Western coal, sulfur emissions control by seed regeneration and by wet limestone scrubbers, and slag removal performance in the MHD combustor unit. Critical components requiring further development were identified.

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    Authors: Wei Peng; Yingnan Zhang; Qingping Zou; Yang Xue'er; +2 Authors

    Abstract In this paper, a novel hybrid wave energy converter (WEC)‐floating breakwater system consisting of three floating pontoons with power take‐off (PTO) modules is developed to extract wave energy from heave motion and attenuate waves to protect the coast. Unlike previous studies of this subject, the present three pontoons are in close proximity so that they may share the same foundation to reduce the cost further and both pontoons with step change drafts and same drafts are investigated. A systematic experimental study was carried out in a wave flume to examine the hydrodynamic characteristics of the hybrid system under regular waves. The experimental results are used to assess the influences of the WEC‐breakwater integration and the configuration of pontoons on the hydrodynamic performance of the hybrid system as a WEC and a breakwater. It was found that the integration of multiple energy‐extracting pontoons is robust in smoothing out the power output fluctuations, and the floating pontoons with same drafts gave arise to higher energy conversion efficiency while the floating pontoons with step change drafts are more effective in attenuating wave energy. A parametric analysis is able to identify the balanced performance of the system as a WEC and a breakwater.

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    IET Renewable Power Generation
    Article . 2021
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    IET Renewable Power Generation
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      IET Renewable Power Generation
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  • Authors: Jesús Ballestrín; M Rodríguez-Alonso; J Rodríguez; I Cañadas; +3 Authors

    The most common sensors used for the measurement of high solar irradiance are the Gardon gauges, which are usually calibrated using a black body at a certain temperature as the radiant source. This calibration procedure is assumed to produce a systematic error when solar irradiance measurements are taken using these sensors. This paper demonstrates a calorimetric method for calibrating these high-heat-flux gauges in a solar furnace. This procedure has enabled these sensors to be calibrated under concentrated solar radiation at higher irradiances under non-laboratory conditions in the CIEMAT solar furnace at the Plataforma Solar de Almeria. Working at higher irradiances has allowed the uncertainty in the calibration constant of these sensors to be reduced. This work experimentally confirms the predicted systematic errors committed when measuring high solar irradiances using Gardon sensors calibrated with a black body.

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    Article . 2006 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Roberts, RA; Brouwer, J; Liese, E; Gemmen, RS;

    Author(s): Roberts, RA; Brouwer, J; Liese, E; Gemmen, RS | Abstract: Hybrid fuel cell/gas turbine systems provide an efficient means of producing electricity from fossil fuels with ultra low emissions. However, there are many significant challenges involved in integrating the fuel cell with the gas turbine and other components of this type of system. The fuel cell and the gas turbine must maintain efficient operation and electricity production while protecting equipment during perturbations that may occur when the system is connected to the utility grid or in stand-alone mode. This paper presents recent dynamic simulation results from two laboratories focused on developing tools to aid in the design and dynamic analyses of hybrid fuel cell systems. The simulation results present the response of a carbonate fuel cell/gas turbine, or molten carbonate fuel cell/gas turbine, (MCFC/GT) hybrid system to a load demand perturbation. Initial results suggest that creative control strategies will be needed to ensure a flexible system with wide turndown and robust dynamic operation. Paper No. GT2004-53653,

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    Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power
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    Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power
    Article . 2006 . Peer-reviewed
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    https://doi.org/10.1115/gt2004...
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      Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power
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